Elastic-fluid turbine.



2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 887,728. PATENTBD MAY 12,1908. W, KIESER. ELAST-IG FLUID TURBINE. APPLIOATION 111.3300125, 190e.

m m u m No. 887,728 PATENTBD MAY 12, 1908.

W. KIBSER.

BLASTG FLUID TURBINB.

P o A? LIlATI H HmmV 00T ze, 1.906 2 SEBETB SEEET s' W/TAESSES/ Miva/WWE l SEH.

Cri

Unrrnn sfrAfrns rarnn'r oir-Fien.;

OF NEW YORK.'

ELASTIC-IFL UIDv TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent'.

Original application filed April 3, 1906, Serial No. 309,688. Divided and this application filed October 25, 1906. Serial No. 340,512.

To all whom t may concern:

13e it known that l, WALTER Kissen, a citizen ol Switzerland, residing at Berlin, (ermany, have invented vcertain new and usel'ul improvements in .Elasticdfluid 'l`urbines, ol' which the following is a specilication.

'.lhis application is a division of my pend.- ing application, berial No. 309,658, and is liled in compliance with a requirement for division made by the United States Patent- ()llicc under ltules -11 and 12 of said oll'icc.

'l`he present invention relates to`elasticlluid turbines and its object is to improve the construction and operation of the turbine as set' l'orth more particularly in the l'ollowing description and claims.

. Yln the accompanying drawings illustrating one ol the embodiments ol'v the invention,-

Figure .1 is a side. elevation ol a four-stage turbine with an electric genera-tor between the parts -ol the turbines' Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section ol' two stages of the turd bine at the high pressure end; Fig. il is a detail view showing the nozzles and buckets; and Fig. #i is a sectional View through the nozzle and bucket wheel taken at right angles to Fig. 2S.

1 represents the iirst two stages ot' a fourstage turbine which are lor ated on one side ol and assist in driving the rotating element ol'V the dynamo-electric machine. 2. 'lhe last .two stagesare. represented at il and a shal't common to the turbines and the dynamo is provided. The casii'rgs of the turbine. are attached to the frame of the dynamo or generator, shown more particularly in the lowerI right-hand corner ef Fig. 2. ASteam is i admitted to the i'irst high pressure stage from the valve chest 4 and is exhausted from the second stage by the conduit 'which, is connected with. the admission conduit 6 of the low pressure stages. Steam is -discharged from the last stage by the conduit 7 which may .lead to the atmosphere or to a condenser. Valves 8 are provided so that two of the stages can be cut out and the. machine operated non-condensing on the lirst two stages il desired. 'l`he arrangement. of the high pressure stages and the lower pressure stages is such that any tendency to thrust on one end is counterbalanced by an equal and op osite thrust on the opposite end.

ltel'erring especially to Fig. 2, the conl struction ot' the turbine will be described.'

l The high-pressure and the low-pressure portions ot' the turbine are the same in general construction so that a description ol the. high-pressure sec' ions will be suliicient. The casing is made in two principa; parts 9 and 10 which'are separated by a diaphragm 11 to form two chambers. ln each of these chambers is locateda bucket wheel 12. These wheels are shown as provided with U-shaped peripheral buckets ol' the well-known Stumpf construction. It is to be understood however that my invention may be used with other buckets, one other form, for example, being olt double U-shape. Steam or other elastic-huid is delivered to the first wheel by the admission nozzles 13 and by stage nozzles 14 `to the second wheel. These nozzles are arranged o n an arc at one side ol' the central plane ot the wheel and deliver motive .fluid to a portion ol. the periphery of the -wheel. The steam discharged from the individual nozzles or nozzle sections strikes the buckets on the lett-hand side' of the transversely-extending wall or partition 15 on the opposite side of the central plane of the wheel from the nozzles and is exhausted from the the edge of the wall being beveled to provide a free passage for the stein.

wlNith a double- U-shaped bucket, two walls vl5, one for each bucket, arc used with a double nozzle between them. The arc. covered by the partition depends upon that covered by the nozzles. 'lhe object of this partition is to prevent steam exhausted from. the buckets from in any vway interfering with the steam discharged by the nozzles. After the steain passes through the iirst wheel it collects in a surrounding chamber and passes through the stage nozzles 14 from which it is-discharged against the. buckets on the second stagey wheel. from the second stage is carried oil by the conduit 5.

Referring to Figs. I3 and 4 which show the nozzle andv bucket construction, 16 represents a tube which passes through .the wall ot' the: easing or through the diaphragm, as the case may be. One. end of the tube is provided with a sheulder and the. other end is threaded to receive a retaining nut. The nozzle proper comprises a tube l'iaving a throat portionl, a discharge` portion l.)

buckets on the right-hand side of said wall,

The exhaust' and an enlarged'p'ortion 20 containing a.

bowl. The portion 20 is screw-threaded to 5 fluid issuing from the ynozzles strikes the U-shaped buckets 22 of the Stumpf or other type and -produces rotation of the wheel.

Steam` enterson the left-hand side of the bucket, 4, and is discharged on the right-,hand side, the partition 15 preventing the exhaust steam from interfering with the steam. discharged by the nozzles. 'y

In order to reduce the rotation losses as much as possible,.an annular plate'23, Figs. 2 and 4, is rovided which is located at one side of the wheel, and has a portion that overhangs the periphery of the'wheel, the over-- hanging portion flaring outwardly and forming between it and the wall 15 an outward passage for serves to restrict the passage of steam from the portion of the'chamb'er surrounding the rim of the wheel .to the portion of the charnber adjacent to the shaft. The por-tion of the wheel circumference not directly acted upon by steam from the nozzles is covered by a cylindrical cover 24, Fig. 2, attached to the `head of the machine and engaging the ring or late 23. This'cover is located in close proxunity to the wheel-buckets so as' to reduce their fan-like action and thus reduce the rotation losses. The construction ofthe means for preventing rotation lossesin the .second stage is similar to that in the first exce t thatl the shape of the plate 23 has been c anged slightly to conform to the interior .construction of the casing; '.1 l

The bucket wheels are mounted upon a l shaft 25, and the latter is carried by bearings l 26 mounted on the" frame of the dynamo. Between the outer'walls of the casing and the shaft 4and also between the dia .hragmfand shaftare packings 27 of suitab e lconstruc tion to which steam or other fluid is admitted by conduits. y Y

The governing mechanismshown but not particularly described ject-matter of the above. mentioned application from which this one was divided.

In accordancewith the provisions of the.y at

. entstatutes, I have described the princi e of operation of my invention, togethe rwitlh the a paratus which I now consider to represent 55 t e best embodiment thereof, but/desire'to have it understood that the apparatus is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carriedout by other means.

What I claim as new andV desire to secure byl Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. In al1/elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a Wheel, buckets on the periphery of /the wheel, nozzles which discharge motive fluid to the buckets atene side of the Wheel,

'65 and a wall separate fromthenozzle structure the discharged fluid. This plate` lthe discharge passages of the inner edge of the wall being beveled out-' thereto,

'n this application, is not claimed herein ybecause it forms the'sub-v located b etween the nozzles and the other side of the wheel to prevent the fluid ex hausting from the buckets from interfering with that discharged by the nozzles.

2. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a wheel, buckets on the periphery of the wheel,`which have a tendency to discharge Huid toward the nozzle or nozzles, one or more nozzles located at one side of the central lane of the wheel for delivering motive uid to the buckets, and a wall located on the opposite side yof the central plane of the'wheel which prevents interference between the fluid dischar ed from the buckets and that delivered by t e nozzles.

tion of a wheel, U-shaped buckets mounted on the periphery thereof, nozzles for discharging motive fluid against one side of the buckets, and a se arate wall concentric with the bucket wheel) which prevents the fluid exhausting from the other side of the buckets from interfering with that discharged by the nozzles, the face of the wall toward the nozzles being in line with the inner edges of the buckets and wardly to permit a free passage of steam fromthe buckets. 4. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combina- 3. In an 'elastic fluid turbine, the combinationof a casing, a wheel within the casing,

buckets carried by the Wheel, and a wall' su 4 ported by the casing and situated at one si e of and extending beyondl the buckets, the

projecting portion of said wall flaring out wardly with its inner edge overhanging the edge of the bucket wheel in closeproxirnity to reduce rotation losses and to restrict the passage of motive fluid toward the axis of the wheel.

45. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination'of a bucket wheel, a casing having a vchamber in which the wheel rotates, anv

annular ring secured to one wall of the cham ,ber and-having one" face conforming to and the face of the wheel, p

in close proximity to with a portion overhanging the edge of the wheel, and a segmental ring secured to the other` Wall of the chamber and extending across the idle portion of the wheel buckets into engagement with the first mentioned ring.

6. In 'an elastic fluid turbine, the combina vtion of a 4bucket Wheel, nozzles delivering motive fluid to one side ofthe wheel,. a wall adjacent the 4nozzles which separates the lio fluid-delivered by the nozzles from that-dis- -char ed bythey wheel buckets, and a wall close y 'adjacent the other side of the wheel having an Ioutwardly flaring edge which forms betweenit 'and the first mentioned wall/a passage' to direct the discharged fluid outwardly. 7 The combination of a shaft, turbines on the shaft for driving it, a driven member ccnnected to the shaft, means for supplying motive Huid in a given direction through one In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set turbine, means for supplying motive fluid my hand this sixteenth day of October, 1906. to the other turbine -so that it iiows through I WALTER v KIESER 1t 1n the olposfte dlrectmu and causes thel l thrusts of t e turbines to oppose each other, Witnesses: and devces'for cutting one of the turbines ALEX. F. MACDONALD, out of action when desired. l JOHN A. MoMANUs, J1'. 

